{"id":197,"date":"2026-08-06T17:01:11","date_gmt":"2026-08-06T15:01:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/?p=197"},"modified":"2026-08-06T17:06:00","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T15:06:00","slug":"bryophytes-cycle-de-developpement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/bryophytes-cycle-de-developpement\/","title":{"rendered":"Bryophytes, cycle de d\u00e9veloppement"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:15% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"703\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/MoussesEtHepatiques.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-195 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/MoussesEtHepatiques.jpg 703w, https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/MoussesEtHepatiques-211x300.jpg 211w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 703px) 100vw, 703px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un tr\u00e8s bon livre pour d\u00e9buter l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des mousses !<br>Vincent Hugonnot, Florine P\u00e9pin, Jaoua Celle chez Biotope \u00e9dition<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les bryophytes se multiplient aussi par fragmentation v\u00e9g\u00e9tative, sans aucune intervention de gam\u00e8te. Mais ci-dessous, description de la multiplication par gam\u00e8te des mousses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A la diff\u00e9rence des plantes vasculaires, les \u00ab\u00a0plantes vertes\u00a0\u00bb, dont la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration dominante est le sporophyte (porteur de spores), \u00e0 2n chromosomes, la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration dominante des mousses est le gam\u00e9tophyte (porteur de gam\u00e8te) \u00e0 1n chromosome. Commun\u00e9ment ce que l&rsquo;on nomme \u00ab\u00a0des mousses\u00a0\u00bb sont \u00e0 1n chromosome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"823\" src=\"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Mousse01-1024x823.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Mousse01-1024x823.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Mousse01-300x241.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Mousse01-768x617.jpg 768w, https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Mousse01-1536x1235.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Mousse01-2048x1646.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le point de d\u00e9part de ce cycle, est la spore, 1n chromosome<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase gam\u00e9tophyte (1n chromosome)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Division de la spore tomb\u00e9e dans des conditions de reproduction, forment un filament : le proton\u00e9ma.<br>D\u00e9veloppement du proton\u00e9ma.<br>Formation de bourgeons sur le proton\u00e9ma.<br>D\u00e9veloppement du gam\u00e9tophore, soit m\u00e2le, soit femelle. C&rsquo;est ce que dans le langage courant on appelle une mousse.<br>D\u00e9veloppement d&rsquo;arch\u00e9gones sur les plants femelles, g\u00e9n\u00e9rant des gam\u00e8tes femelles, et d\u2019anth\u00e9ridies sur les plants m\u00e2les, g\u00e9n\u00e9rant des gam\u00e8tes m\u00e2les. <br>F\u00e9condation en pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;eau permettant \u00e0 l&rsquo;anth\u00e9rozo\u00efde de nager jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;arch\u00e9gone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase sporophytique (2n chromosome)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le zygote, premi\u00e8re cellule apr\u00e8s la f\u00e9condation, se divise et commence le d\u00e9veloppement du sporophyte, qui reste en place sur le gam\u00e9tophyte. La partie centrale s&rsquo;allonge pour former une soie.<br>Au somment de la soie, une capsule, ou une urne surmont\u00e9e de la coiffe, reste de l&rsquo;arch\u00e9gone. Dans cette urne, par m\u00e9iose, se forme les spores (1n chromosome).<br>Lib\u00e9ration des spores apr\u00e8s maturation. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un tr\u00e8s bon livre pour d\u00e9buter l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des mousses !Vincent Hugonnot, Florine P\u00e9pin, Jaoua Celle chez Biotope \u00e9dition Les bryophytes se multiplient aussi par fragmentation v\u00e9g\u00e9tative, sans aucune intervention de&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-reproduction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=197"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":204,"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197\/revisions\/204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phs55.lautre.net\/bota\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}